ecology

...now browsing by tag

 
 

Water = Life (or maybe just some more natural gas)

Friday, July 22nd, 2011

It’s almost impossible in any discussion of fresh water resources not to run up against what by now should be an obvious fact; our Earth is a closed system, so the same water that was here millions of years ago is still here now, it just keeps getting recycled through the water cycle we all remember from grade school science class.  The revelation Will Rogers famously had about land also holds true for water, “They ain’t making any more of the stuff.”

Water is known as a “flow resource” due to this ability for the same mineral to be recycled and used over and over again.

Flow resources are resources that are not permanently expendable under usual circumstances; they are resources which are replaced. They are commonly expressed in annual rates at which they are regenerated. Examples are fresh-water runoff and timber. Stock resources can be permanently expended and whose quantity is usually expressed in absolute amounts rather than in rates. Examples are coal and petroleum deposits.  From Ecology Dictionary

This definition ceases to be true for water in unusual circumstances, say when it is used for commercial purposes and then injected deep within the Earth’s crust rather than getting cleaned up and put back in the system.  Unusual use of this sort, which nature hasn’t had to deal with up until now, effectively takes our most precious, valuable-to-life, recyclable, flow resource and makes it a stock resource.  This is a particularly troubling development because life on earth is possible only due to the happy accident that we have the right amount of liquid, available water in the system.  Much more water and we’d all have fins.  Much less and most of us wouldn’t be here at all.

With the explosion of the human population, global deforestation, global climate change, the industrialization of large, once third-world countries like China and India, and the associated increased demand we are making on our planet’s water we are headed toward a future where water will become so coveted and rare that we will go to war over it.  (Call it blood water.)  We simply cannot afford to squander water any longer.

As a brief historical aside, early in the development of oil and gas as energy sources it was common practice to “flare off” or burn the gas so you could get the oil out of the ground without getting blown-up.  The practice is illegal in most areas today except during exploration, before a pipeline is completed to transport the gas,  or at sea where no other way of dealing with it is available.*  At the time they didn’t realize that they were squandering what would become a very valuable commodity and contributing to the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.  Today we think, “Morons.”  *From The Dictionary of Petroleum Exploration by Norman J. Hyne.

Speaking of oil and gas production, it is fast becoming the biggest user of water as a stock resource through a process called Hydraulic Fracturing, Hydro Fracking, or just Fracking.  Briefly, hydro fracking drills a hole down into the gas bearing rock, and then at right angles to the rock layers.  Then millions of gallons of water mixed with a proprietary, toxic witch’s brew of chemicals and sand are pumped into the holes under enormous pressure to fracture the rock strata, releasing natural gas trapped in small pockets within the rock.   (Oh, and sometimes the gas or fracking fluid gets into the local aquifer and poisons it.)

Here is a YouTube video that shows the process generically.

Once this is done the millions of gallons of badly polluted water are pumped out of the well and hauled away to be deep well injected, never to be used again for drinking, watering the garden or crops, as a home for fish, for outdoor recreation, rain, snow or fog.  It is locked away forever deep within the earth because it can’t be treated with current water treatment facilities, and the oil and gas industry and our government(s) have determined that it just isn’t cost effective to make drillers develop the tech to treat the water so that it can be reused.  (Remember when we used that excuse for municipal and industrial sewage until we killed one of the Great Lakes and our rivers were catching on fire?  And as to the wisdom of burying toxic wastes to get rid of them, Google “Love Canal.”  No, it isn’t porn, but it is disgusting.)

Economics has historically had a hard time putting a value on ecosystem services and flow resources because of the fact that commonly used market models don’t work so well for them.  But economists are pretty good at valuing stock resources like oil and natural gas.  I would like to propose that we start demanding that our governments do the work to figure out what the cost for an eternally wasted gallon of water is in terms of lost value to our ecosystems, and add that to the value it has to oil and gas drillers as a fracking fluid, and start charging oil and gas companies for our water that they are removing from the global ecosystem forever.  And the cost needs to be a steep one, not a token, with the goal being to charge such a high price that treating water so that it is able to be safely released back into the environment becomes economically attractive, not to get in the water selling business.  Just make the price of a barrel of water used for fracking the current price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate crude oil.  A better solution still would be to demand a complete ban on fracking until such time as the treatment facilities to deal with the insane volumes of water involved are in place.

Unfortunately, I don’t think that we have the public support to accomplish either of these solutions today.  The discussion on fracking has been centered on the toxic soup fracking fluid becomes, not the scandalous misuse of the foundation of life on Earth.  We can’t live without LOTS of clean, fresh water.  We can’t make new water.  Global warming scenarios predict that Great Lakes summers will be hotter and drier.  And we are letting corporations permanently destroy our water to produce energy for their financial gain?  Pardon the vernacular, but “WTF!?”  In what universe does this make any kind of sense?

If T. Boone Pickens is willing to invest $100 million in fresh water to sell it later to water utilities in cities, and believes that water is going to be the new oil, I think we should listen-up and quit giving away the thing upon which all life depends.  Right now oil and gas companies are buying up water rights in the west so that they can use the water at their discretion.  On our side of the Mississippi we don’t have the same water laws, and so we are trying to limit water withdrawals by all industries with very scientific models, which are being challenged by some of our state legislatures and ignored by some in our governor’s mansions.

Even if the water withdrawal limits are adhered to (they won’t be), they don’t adequately take into account the cumulative effect of permanently removing hundreds of millions of gallons of water from the system forever, as fracking and a few other industries are doing.  It is like the miracle of compounded interest, only we are paying it.

And the cost we are being asked to pay is too dear to to be allowed to continue another day.

 What do you think? Tell us by leaving a comment below.

The Round River has been covering the fracking debate for a while.  Search our archives for more articles on this subject.

EvernoteGoogle ReaderGoogle GmailDeliciousShare

Breaking Up Is Hard To Do!

Wednesday, June 30th, 2010

There is new legislation in Congress to push the Army Corps to engineer a permanent physical separation of the Mississippi River drainage and the Great Lakes at Chicago, reversing over 100 years of  diversion of Lake Michigan water out of the Great Lakes watershed and closing the door on invasive species, like the Asian carp, trying to enter the Lakes.  I’ve written on this several times, and a good general description of the problem is Carp Wars.

In an e-mail today Senator Debbie Stabenow writes:

Dear Brian,

I am writing to give you an update on my work to protect the Great Lakes from Asian carp. The recent discovery of an Asian carp in Lake Calumet, very close to Lake Michigan, should serve as a wake-up call to government agencies about the urgency of this situation.

Today, I introduced legislation to permanently prevent Asian carp and other invasive species from entering the Great Lakes. Congressman Dave Camp (R-Michigan) has introduced our bipartisan legislation in the House of Representatives as well. The Permanent Prevention of Asian Carp Act requires the Army Corps of Engineers to follow the recommendations of top experts in the field and expedite their study detailing the engineering options to permanently separate the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes.

In the Senate, my bill is co-sponsored by Senator Dick Durbin (D-Illinois), Senator Carl Levin (D-Michigan), and other Great Lakes Senators. A permanent separation of the waterways would allow cargo to pass through the Chicago locks, but would prevent the water itself, and any invasive species living in it, from entering Lake Michigan.

I also recently spoke about this issue on the floor of the Senate, so my colleagues would know how urgent this issue is for us in Michigan. You can watch the speech on YouTube at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QY-Sy12t3qg.

The Great Lakes are Michigan’s most precious natural resource, and they are a part of our way of life. I will never stop fighting to protect them.

Sincerely,

Debbie Stabenow

United States Senator

Now where this goes, or how much support we can expect from the Chicago-friendly White House, is anybody’s guess.  But its a great effort, and I would encourage everyone to contact their Congress-person or Senator and encourage them to support this bill.  An e-mail or phone call to the White House wouldn’t hurt either.

Does it strike anyone else as wrong that we continuously have to fight Washington to step-up and do what is right for public health and the welfare of our shared environment?  Shouldn’t that be the default response?

###

EvernoteGoogle ReaderGoogle GmailDeliciousShare

I Was Green When Green Wasn’t Cool!

Monday, May 31st, 2010

With apologies to Barbara Mandrell

*I wrote this originally in October of 2008, before we knew the outcome of the election, the extent of this recession, that Copenhagen would fizzle (shoulda seen that one coming) and that many of the suppositions made in “Hot, Flat, etc.” would be put in storage because there wasn’t any damn money to fuel the consumerism engine.  They haven’t been proven wrong, however.  They are just hibernating, waiting for the rainy season to return.

Obviously, I am still waiting for the Obama administration to step up.

And now we have this unbelievably horrible oil well run amok in the Gulf of Mexico, (which anyone with more brains than Sarah Palin knew would happen eventually); corporations and communities are looking at Great Lakes water with impure thoughts and intent; and the Asian Carp Spill is just waiting to happen in the Chicago Sanitary Canal, a spill of biological pollution that will kill the Great Lakes as surely as the BP oil debacle is killing marine and estuarine food chains out in the Gulf of Mexico.

We nattering naybobs have been trying to point out that environmental oversight is a pretty good use of the federal government, and we should insist that that work happen in an unhurried, non-biased way.

But we’re a nation of addicts, and we don’t care if the trash gets carried out, the dishes washed, or the baby’s diaper gets changed as long as we don’t run out of oil.  You won’t hear that coming from the Oil Cartels because they only want to make money, and addicts are a crucial part of their business plan. You won’t hear that coming from the majority of politicians, because addicts are the best liars on earth.  They lie so convincingly that they have fooled themselves into believing that everything is just fine and normal.  But even the most casual observer sees things are neither fine nor normal.  As with other sorts of addicts, the afflicted seek to deflect responsibility away from themselves by blaming others and attempting to undermine the authority and qualifications of the researchers and doctors who spend their lives understanding the illness and prescribing cures. That’s why all the talking points of the anti-environment, anti-government, pro-business as usual crowd slam academia and scientific experts.

“Cigarettes won’t hurt me, that’s just something the government says so that they can increase the tobacco tax.”

“There ain’t no global warming!”

“Drill Baby Drill!”

(btw – Just because they are sick, doesn’t mean that they are not also morons.)

So with no further ado, here is an almost two-year-old piece that you can plug the BP oil well failure, diversion of Great Lakes Water, and the Asian Carp time-bomb into in all the appropriate places, it still rings true.


I‘ve been fuming for a good while now about the state of the global ecology, and how it’s been like watching a train wreck film one frame at a time.

No, that’s not quite accurate.

It’s been like being the psychic in a crime drama who really does see what is going to happen next, but no one listens because everyone thinks that you are crazy. You know what is going to happen, but there isn’t anything you can do to stop it. And I’m not the only one who feels this way. There have been thousands of writers, professors, research scientists, reporters, resource managers, parents, gardeners, even economists and other real-life psychics trying to point out that a crash is about to happen only to be given a condescending look and told that we shouldn’t worry, the professionals are in control of the situation. And we should take our medicine more regularly.

And so I’ve been doing some fence sitting of late trying to decide whether to say anything or not, and have decided that I really must point out that

We Fucking Told You!

By “We” I mean the folks with a basic environmental education and a comprehension of some simple ecological principles like, “Don’t fill your bed with poop.” The folks who have been called tree-huggers, eco-nazis, granola bars, Woodsy the Owl, wacko, and worse by proponents of unbridled growth and industrialization. You know, “Free Market” types.

I’m not going to use any political labels, they tend to have a lot of gray area anyway, but we all know who you are. The men and women who pursue short term gain without thought of how the pursuit will impact things down the line not just for you, but for the community as a whole. The men and women who think that the future will take care of itself and that technology can figure out how to fix whatever you break before the shit hits the fan.

You aren’t going to invest in the research or implementation of said technology. That’s someone else’s job. And it better not be funded with YOUR tax dollars. The government is the problem here, not you. All the government wants to do is tax you, limit your freedom to do as you damn well please, and leave early on Fridays.

But when the aforementioned fecal matter does contact the rapidly revolving air circulation device, who you gonna call? Well, you probably won’t call anybody because you will be laying low hoping no one notices how badly you fucked-up, but we all know that the government is gonna get involved in cleaning up your mess somewhere down the line.

When the government has to clean-up after you it suddenly doesn’t seem like such a bad idea for them to pay for the job with those tax dollars we were talking about earlier, does it? Never mind that the money comes from all of us taxpayers collectively, this is a bigger issue, your sorry ass needs saving! It may be a government agency doing the work, or it may be one of the various regulatory agencies forcing you to either clean up your own mess or pay someone else to do it. The issue may end up in one of the government courthouses to be sorted out, and God willing, someone may have to spend some time in jail (another government institution) thinking about what they have done. (Not that it will help correct your attitude, but it will help the rest of us feel better about the whole thing.)

This is all bass ackwards, but it’s been SOP for as long as any of us can remember. There has always been the belief, at least in our Western tradition (Western civilization, not the old west), that there is enough elasticity in the global system to permit us to recover from whatever stupidity we inflict upon the world. We will never run out of resources, we just need to keep looking around and we’ll find what we want/need.

Hot, Flat, and Crowded , by Thomas L. Friedman (Published by Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2008) is a good explanation of why that model was wrong, and explains that we don’t have all that much play in the global ecology or economy any longer. Mr. Friedman, Foreign Affairs Columnist for the New York Times (a title that probably sounds juicier than it really is) has obviously done his homework for this book, and I hope that it gets read, and more importantly understood, by the right people.

However, (and this is the exasperating part) the basic premise of the book has been around for ages! We live in a closed and finite system. (Think really big aquarium.) All of our actions have consequences, many of which can be predicted and avoided. You don’t even have to resort to math in most instances, its all been worked out for you. You just need to do your homework, or hire someone who did their homework, and plug the variables into your business plan. You need to create another heading for “environmental impacts.” There may be none, but you need to ask the questions and plan how you will handle any impacts that you cause. Yes, it may well increase costs. And so does cleaning the place periodically, repairing stuff that breaks or wears out, and taking out the trash.

The problem is that greed and arrogance cause lots of people to think that the fundamental truths of the universe won’t apply in their instance, or they just don’t care so long as they get theirs. There is also the problem of ignorance of the ramifications of their actions to take into account. But why is ignorance of natural laws an excuse when it isn’t for any cultural laws? Break banking laws and you are in deep shit. Deplete or compromise our life support system and no one bats an eye. At least they didn’t until very recently.

Just this week no less a giant of our national economy than Alan Greenspan conceded that the free market approach in banking screwed the pooch. He’s said before that the US has “abandoned the notion that we should leave crises to be resolved solely by the marketplace,”. Now the markets are less free and banks, insurance companies, and mortgages are being socialized. (In a neo-con administration, no less!) I want to emphasize that this happened in the financial sector, one of the most scrutinized, traditionally conservative industries on the planet. Millions of individual fortunes and billions of lives have been adversely effected world-wide by this failure to protect the common good. Now world leaders are scrambling to clean up the mess and are spending unbelievable sums of money to do it. We need those leaders to realize that the banking crisis, huge as it may be, is dwarfed by the ecological crisis we are now in.

It is my greatest hope that the next administration steps up to the plate for our global environment and makes it a priority to require government, business and industry to exercise the same level of diligence in environmental matters as are required in fiscal matters, and that congress has the stones to fund the necessary enforcement and remediation. Because as we all have been so forcefully reminded, without enforcement there is no accountability beyond the next fiscal quarter. And while living through a deep recession sucks, the economy will correct in several years. If we allow the global environment to break down, correction will only happen in the fullness of geologic time.

As Thoreau said over a hundred years ago,

What good is a fine house if you don’t have a tolerable planet to put it on?

JP
EvernoteGoogle ReaderGoogle GmailDeliciousShare

Why Illinois isn’t worried about Asian Carp in the Great Lakes

Tuesday, March 16th, 2010

It just dawned on me that we have a sociological divide between the rest of the Great Lakes states (and our Canadian cousins, eh?) and Illinois.  We define our existence by the lakes and our cultures are deeply steeped in their lore and legend. (Well, not so much Indiana or Pennsylvania, but they aren’t being turds right now, are they?)  Illinois just wanted a port on the lakes to haul gravel and scrap metal though, and a lot of water to wash their shit down onto someone else.  They are much more interested in crops & commerce than carps, and would be just as happy if there were no fish in the lakes, they don’t need them.

That may seem sort of harsh, but that’s been their argument right along.  They have consistently couched this as a conflict between Chicago’s paltry amount of water-borne commerce and the desire of the entire population of the rest of the lake states and provinces for a healthy Great Lakes system.  They’ve suggested several non-solutions to eat up the clock and have cast doubt on the science suggesting the lakes may be in danger from a few fish.

So, in honor of our self-serving, obstructionist, Illinois neighbors I propose that we rename the “Bighead Carp” the “Chicago Carp.”  Then when they fuck-up the ecology of the largest freshwater lake system on the planet, everyone will remember who to thank.

But you know, they’d probably like that.  It’d be another way that they could show the world how much clout they have, and how they don’t care what happens outside of Cook and the collar counties.

Rat-bastards.

EvernoteGoogle ReaderGoogle GmailDeliciousShare
Get Adobe Flash playerPlugin by wpburn.com wordpress themes
Proudly using Dynamic Headers by Nicasio WordPress Design