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Hot, Dry July

Tuesday, August 2nd, 2011

Global warming will have serious effects on the Great Lakes.  We rely on abundant water and cooler summer temperatures to keep the regional ecology stable and healthy, and for our giant tourism industry.

With only a half inch of rain recorded for all of July; a departure of 2.7-inches below normal precipitation amounts, Gaylord experienced the driest July on record, beating out 1965.

“That’s been 40 days since we’ve had a significant amount of rainfall,” said Halblaub.

Adding insult to injury for those who enjoy their weather on the normal side Gaylord’s July temperatures topped out at 71.2 degrees, 3.7 degrees above the mean normal average of 67.5 degrees. According to Halblaub the month tied for third with 1983 as the hottest July on record.

Source: The Gaylord (Michigan) Herald Times

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Water = Life (or maybe just some more natural gas)

Friday, July 22nd, 2011

It’s almost impossible in any discussion of fresh water resources not to run up against what by now should be an obvious fact; our Earth is a closed system, so the same water that was here millions of years ago is still here now, it just keeps getting recycled through the water cycle we all remember from grade school science class.  The revelation Will Rogers famously had about land also holds true for water, “They ain’t making any more of the stuff.”

Water is known as a “flow resource” due to this ability for the same mineral to be recycled and used over and over again.

Flow resources are resources that are not permanently expendable under usual circumstances; they are resources which are replaced. They are commonly expressed in annual rates at which they are regenerated. Examples are fresh-water runoff and timber. Stock resources can be permanently expended and whose quantity is usually expressed in absolute amounts rather than in rates. Examples are coal and petroleum deposits.  From Ecology Dictionary

This definition ceases to be true for water in unusual circumstances, say when it is used for commercial purposes and then injected deep within the Earth’s crust rather than getting cleaned up and put back in the system.  Unusual use of this sort, which nature hasn’t had to deal with up until now, effectively takes our most precious, valuable-to-life, recyclable, flow resource and makes it a stock resource.  This is a particularly troubling development because life on earth is possible only due to the happy accident that we have the right amount of liquid, available water in the system.  Much more water and we’d all have fins.  Much less and most of us wouldn’t be here at all.

With the explosion of the human population, global deforestation, global climate change, the industrialization of large, once third-world countries like China and India, and the associated increased demand we are making on our planet’s water we are headed toward a future where water will become so coveted and rare that we will go to war over it.  (Call it blood water.)  We simply cannot afford to squander water any longer.

As a brief historical aside, early in the development of oil and gas as energy sources it was common practice to “flare off” or burn the gas so you could get the oil out of the ground without getting blown-up.  The practice is illegal in most areas today except during exploration, before a pipeline is completed to transport the gas,  or at sea where no other way of dealing with it is available.*  At the time they didn’t realize that they were squandering what would become a very valuable commodity and contributing to the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.  Today we think, “Morons.”  *From The Dictionary of Petroleum Exploration by Norman J. Hyne.

Speaking of oil and gas production, it is fast becoming the biggest user of water as a stock resource through a process called Hydraulic Fracturing, Hydro Fracking, or just Fracking.  Briefly, hydro fracking drills a hole down into the gas bearing rock, and then at right angles to the rock layers.  Then millions of gallons of water mixed with a proprietary, toxic witch’s brew of chemicals and sand are pumped into the holes under enormous pressure to fracture the rock strata, releasing natural gas trapped in small pockets within the rock.   (Oh, and sometimes the gas or fracking fluid gets into the local aquifer and poisons it.)

Here is a YouTube video that shows the process generically.

Once this is done the millions of gallons of badly polluted water are pumped out of the well and hauled away to be deep well injected, never to be used again for drinking, watering the garden or crops, as a home for fish, for outdoor recreation, rain, snow or fog.  It is locked away forever deep within the earth because it can’t be treated with current water treatment facilities, and the oil and gas industry and our government(s) have determined that it just isn’t cost effective to make drillers develop the tech to treat the water so that it can be reused.  (Remember when we used that excuse for municipal and industrial sewage until we killed one of the Great Lakes and our rivers were catching on fire?  And as to the wisdom of burying toxic wastes to get rid of them, Google “Love Canal.”  No, it isn’t porn, but it is disgusting.)

Economics has historically had a hard time putting a value on ecosystem services and flow resources because of the fact that commonly used market models don’t work so well for them.  But economists are pretty good at valuing stock resources like oil and natural gas.  I would like to propose that we start demanding that our governments do the work to figure out what the cost for an eternally wasted gallon of water is in terms of lost value to our ecosystems, and add that to the value it has to oil and gas drillers as a fracking fluid, and start charging oil and gas companies for our water that they are removing from the global ecosystem forever.  And the cost needs to be a steep one, not a token, with the goal being to charge such a high price that treating water so that it is able to be safely released back into the environment becomes economically attractive, not to get in the water selling business.  Just make the price of a barrel of water used for fracking the current price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate crude oil.  A better solution still would be to demand a complete ban on fracking until such time as the treatment facilities to deal with the insane volumes of water involved are in place.

Unfortunately, I don’t think that we have the public support to accomplish either of these solutions today.  The discussion on fracking has been centered on the toxic soup fracking fluid becomes, not the scandalous misuse of the foundation of life on Earth.  We can’t live without LOTS of clean, fresh water.  We can’t make new water.  Global warming scenarios predict that Great Lakes summers will be hotter and drier.  And we are letting corporations permanently destroy our water to produce energy for their financial gain?  Pardon the vernacular, but “WTF!?”  In what universe does this make any kind of sense?

If T. Boone Pickens is willing to invest $100 million in fresh water to sell it later to water utilities in cities, and believes that water is going to be the new oil, I think we should listen-up and quit giving away the thing upon which all life depends.  Right now oil and gas companies are buying up water rights in the west so that they can use the water at their discretion.  On our side of the Mississippi we don’t have the same water laws, and so we are trying to limit water withdrawals by all industries with very scientific models, which are being challenged by some of our state legislatures and ignored by some in our governor’s mansions.

Even if the water withdrawal limits are adhered to (they won’t be), they don’t adequately take into account the cumulative effect of permanently removing hundreds of millions of gallons of water from the system forever, as fracking and a few other industries are doing.  It is like the miracle of compounded interest, only we are paying it.

And the cost we are being asked to pay is too dear to to be allowed to continue another day.

 What do you think? Tell us by leaving a comment below.

The Round River has been covering the fracking debate for a while.  Search our archives for more articles on this subject.

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Cousin Eddie goes to Washington (and Lansing, Madison, Columbus, ….)

Monday, July 18th, 2011

Takin' care of business, Cousin Eddie style.

National Lampoon’s “Vacation” series from Warner Brothers Pictures is vintage comedy that only National Lampoon could create.*   Perhaps the best (certainly the most memorable) caricature in the Vacation saga is   Cousin Eddie Johnson (played by Randy Quaid), a big, loveable, rough, simple, uncultured, unlucky bastard who bungles his way through life blissfully unaware that he is unaware of anything.  In Christmas Vacation ** Cousin Eddie arrives unannounced at the Griswold’s suburban home in a vintage (okay, old, beat up) motorhome, and comedy ensues.  Early on Christmas morning Chevy Chase’s character, Clark Griswold, steps out to get the paper and is soon joined on the front porch by his lovely wife Ellen, played by Beverly D’Angelo.

Ellen: What are you looking at?
Clark: Oh, the silent majesty of a winter’s morn… the clean, cool chill of the holiday air… an asshole in his bathrobe, emptying a chemical toilet into my sewer…
[Eddie, in the driveway, is draining the RV's toilet]
Eddie: Shitter was full.
Clark: Ah, yeah. You checked our shitters, honey?
Ellen: Clark, please. He doesn’t know any better.
Clark: He oughta know it’s illegal. That’s a storm sewer. If it fills with gas, I pity the person who lights a match within ten yards of it.

Classic!  Hilarious!

Who’s got the remote?  Fast forward 21 years.

In 2010 Cousin Eddie has become just a little bitter.  He’s become convinced by the boys he drinks beers with, Rush Limbaugh, and Fox News that a bunch of “over-educated idiots” somehow ended up running things.  Their thinking is that these eggheads have implemented a bunch of stupid rules and laws based on “science” that are really just designed to keep him and people like him down, over-tax Real Americans, kill business, and to teach his kids and grand-kids to be liberal eggheads, too.

So Eddie joins the Tea Party, a group of people just like him (except for all the oil millionaires, Wall Street Bankers, Fortune 500 CEOs, and the like.) to fight for the Founding Father’s Ideals – like lowering taxes in order to starve the evil federal government, privatizing education, breaking unions, relaxing regulations for the banking, energy and manufacturing sectors and instead relying on the honorable men and women in these industries practicing “personal responsibility” and “doing the right thing.”  These are all principles that Eddie has supported his entire life, he just needed Rupert Murdoch to come along and point that out to him.

Not only did Eddie join the Tea Party, they convinced him he was just the man to run for public office in these dark times, bankrolled his campaign, and he got his-self elected to public office!  Actually, a whole bunch of Eddies got elected to state and federal office in 2010.  At first they were worried that writing legislation would be a lot like homework, but to their happy surprise they found that they can just copy legislation already written by the smart people at the American Legislative Exchange Council, or ALEC.  (Hey!  Whata ya know?  It IS just like homework!)

The Nation’s John Nichols writes in a piece called “ALEC Exposed“,

Founded in 1973 by Paul Weyrich and other conservative activists frustrated by recent electoral setbacks, ALEC is a critical arm of the right-wing network of policy shops that, with infusions of corporate cash, has evolved to shape American politics. Inspired by Milton Friedman’s call for conservatives to “develop alternatives to existing policies [and] keep them alive and available,” ALEC’s model legislation reflects long-term goals: downsizing government, removing regulations on corporations and making it harder to hold the economically and politically powerful to account. Corporate donors retain veto power over the language, which is developed by the secretive task forces. The task forces cover issues from education to health policy. ALEC’s priorities for the 2011 session included bills to privatize education, break unions, deregulate major industries, pass voter ID laws and more. In states across the country they succeeded, with stacks of new laws signed by GOP governors like Ohio’s John Kasich and Wisconsin’s Scott Walker, both ALEC alums.

Among the primary targets of the new Eddies in Michigan and at the federal level is removing cumbersome environmental regulations that slow the speed of development and new construction or major renovation for roads, factories, mines, oil and gas wells, pipelines, and other power transmission corridors.

However,  The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), The Clean Air Act of 1970 (CAA), and the Clean Water Act of 1972 (CWA) were all adopted, in large part, to slow the speed of new construction or major renovation for roads, factories, mines, oil and gas wells, pipelines, and other power transmission corridors!  That was one of the primary  goals of environmental regulation.  To turn off the bulldozers and  provide adequate  time for regulators, concerned citizens, neighbors, and other interested parties to comment and study the potential impacts – both planned and unforeseen – of the proposed work in a logical, organized way so that a sound recommendation could be made to permitting entities and political units BEFORE the whatsit is built.  These laws were passed after the Love Canal toxic waste dump was exposed, the Santa Barbara oil spill was daily TV for weeks in 1969,  Lake Erie was declared dead, some rivers caught on fire (including Detroit’s Rouge River),  and our national symbol nearly became extinct in the lower 48.  These events and more like them made it pretty clear to nearly all Americans that if we left environmental review and enforcement up to the individual states, local political pressure would trump the common good and the situation would continue status quo.

Just for fun, here’s a quote from Fred L. Hartley, then president of the Union Oil Co., who owned and operated the well that blew-out off of the California coast coating miles of California beaches with tar and killing seals, dolphins, whales, birds, and assorted marine life.

“I don’t like to call it a disaster, because there has been no loss of human life.  I am amazed at the publicity for the loss of a few birds.” 

Isn’t that cute?  But it is illustrative of the mind set then.  There was man, and there was nature.  If nature got in man’s way, nature had to go.  Unfortunately, “They’re baaack!”

Right now a very worrisome series of events are taking place, seemingly in concert.  These include the US House of Representatives passing H.R. 2018 – The Clean Water Cooperative Federalism Act of 2011, by a 239-184 vote.  (Just 16 Democrats supported the bill, and only 13 Republicans voted against it.)  H.R. 2018 would gut the Clean Water Act and, as the EPA said in their analysis of H.R. 2018, “The bill would overturn almost 40 years of Federal legislation by preventing EPA from protecting public health and water quality.”  You can read the details yourself in the Library of Congress site on-line here.

In Michigan Senate Bill 272 was passed along party lines in May.  If this becomes law it would require, in part, that no state rule shall be more stringent than an applicable federal rule, and that agencies adopting rules that might cost small business money should exempt small businesses from the rule.  Does this mean that if a giant corporation wanted to get rid of a thousand drums of toxic sludge it could farm the job out to a small business who could then just pour the drums out into a stream, because as a small business they are not regulated?

Yeah, I don’t know either.

The combined impact of these laws would be disastrous for Michigan and the Great Lakes.  If the federal EPA is not allowed to enforce the CWA or force states to do so, and the state agencies in Michigan are prohibited from doing anything more stringent than that, what happens to the people and natural resources of Michigan and the entire Great Lakes region?

If the Eddies get their way, we’re all headed back to 1969.

                                   

* “Lampoon” as a verb means to ridicule or make fun of, and is the opposite of “applaud,” approve,” praise” or “support. ” As a noun it means parody or satire, both of which require that you have to start with something real that we understand in order for the lampoon to work.  (See Swift, JonatonA Modest Proposal)

** Christmas Vacation.  Dir. Jeremiah S. Chechik. Perf. Chevy Chase, Beverly D’Angelo and Randy Quaid. Warner Bros. Pictures, 1989.

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